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《围城》英译选句 - 笑的不同方式

原文:张先生呵呵大笑,一面分付进来的女佣说:“快去跟太太小姐说,客人来了,请她们出来。make it snappy!”说时右手大拇指从中指弹在食指上“啪”的一响。他回过来对鸿渐笑道:“headache是美国话指‘太太’而说,不是‘头痛’!你没到States去过罢!”(钱钟书 - 围城 )

翻译关键词:laughter与laugh,笑的不同方式,snappy与snap

译文:Mr. Chang roared with laughter. At the same time he instructed the maid who entered

“Go and tell my wife and daughter the guest is here. Ask them to e out. Make it snappy!” At this he snapped his fingers. Turning to Hung-chien

he said with a laugh

“’Headache’ is an American expression for ‘wife

’ not ‘pain in head!’ I guess you haven’t been to the States!” (美 Jeanne Kelly

Nathan <译> –Fortress Besieged)

翻译笔记:

laughter与laugh

laughter在现代英语里一般只用作抽象名词,所以前面不用a,也没有复数形式。如:

To burst/dissolve into laughter 突然/情不自禁大笑起来

laugh则用作类名词,前面可以加a,也可以用复数形式来表示。如:

to give a laugh 大笑一声

文中的roar with laughter是惯用短语,表示“放声大笑,呵呵大笑”。

此外,a…laughter或a…laugh都可以表示“(一阵)……的笑声”。如:

A short/nervous/hearty laugh(ter) (一阵)短促的/紧张的/开心的笑声

我们可以这样说:Listening to my story

he gave a laugh from time to time

I don’t know how my story caused so much laughter.

笑的不同方式

*cackle 意为讨厌地嘎嘎大笑,尤指高声笑。如:

They all cackled with delight.

他们都高兴得嘎嘎地笑。

*chuckle 意为轻声笑,尤指想到滑稽事时发笑。如:

She chuckled at the memory.

想起这件事她暗自发笑。

*giggle 意为开心、难堪或紧张时发笑。如:

The girls giggled at the joke.

女孩子们让这笑话逗得咯咯笑。

*guffaw 意为哄笑、狂笑、大笑。如:

They all guffawed at his jokes.

他们听了他的笑话都一阵狂笑。

*roar 意为放声大笑,常用为roar with laughter。如:

He looked so funny

we all roared with laughter.

他看上去那么滑稽,我们都哈哈大笑。

*snigger/snicker 意为窃笑、暗笑,尤指对无礼行为或因他人的问题或错误发笑。如:

What are you sniggering at?

你偷偷笑什么呢?

*titter 意为窃笑,尤指紧张或尴尬地笑。如:

That’s enough of your titters

girls!

姑娘们,别再傻笑了!

snappy与snap

snappy是形容词,常用来表示“精练的,简洁的”。如:

A snappy answer 简洁的回答

文章选段中张先生对女佣说,“make it snappy(=look snappy)”。这是一个惯用短语,用于催促,表“赶紧,快点”。

而snap的用法就多了,可做动词、名词、形容词和表感叹。文章选段中的张先生snapped his fingers则是动词用法,指“打榧子,弹指头(捻拇指作响)”。