有“山水盆景”之称的历史名城雅安,座落在成都平原和青藏高原之间,这里的夹金山脉是大熊猫生活繁衍的主要地区,夹金山最高处海拔5356米,最低1580米,属亚热带季风气候,有蔚为壮观的成排的冰川槽谷和冰斗,低海拔区有以大渡河主干流青衣江为主的水系发达的大小河流;奇山秀水得天地之灵,这里的野生脊椎动物有429种,维管植物约3000种,被学术界称为“天然的生物基因库与动植物博物馆”,夹金山造就了大熊猫神奇的生命,也是近代史上最早发现大熊猫的地方。
1869年3月,法国传教士、生物学家吉恩?阿曼达? 戴维,在四川穆坪(今宝兴)的东河邓池沟天主堂从事传教活动时,意外地在乡民处发现了一张被称为“白熊”或“竹熊”的“黑白熊”皮。
阿曼达? 戴维,法国著名生物和博物学家,1826年生于比利牛斯山区的巴斯克市,1900年11月10日逝世于巴黎,因其贡献突出,获封法兰西科学院院士。1862年-1874年,他生活在中国,先后在北京、上海、成都等地传教,还担任着法国自然博物馆的通讯研究员,著有《中国之鸟类》、《戴维植物志》等书。1865年,戴维在北京南部发现了一种“有趣的反刍动物”,这就是后来在中国消失的物种-麋鹿,戴维是一个从不厌倦的科学家,经他鉴定的哺乳动物达到200种,而新种类居然有63种之多。
1869年初,戴维在上海遇到一个来自四川穆坪灵宝学院的中国学生,此人告诉他,他们学院的法国院长已经在当地采集了许多动植物标本,准备运回法国。戴维非常兴奋,当即决定,要从上海乘船溯江到穆坪—也就是今天四川省西部雅安地区的宝兴县实地考察。1869年2月,戴维沿着临邛古道,穿过雅安的碧峰峡和上里古镇,整整走了8天,最后翻越了一座林木茂密的高山,来到穆坪。第二天,他在当地向导的带领下,翻越大瓮岭,来到邛崃山脉中段一个叫邓池沟的地方。戴维凭着他多年野外考察所积累的经验感觉到,这里正是他长久以来苦苦追寻的梦想之地,一个灵异物种的家园,一个动植物的王国。
在来到邓池沟的第11天,1869年3月11日,在上山采集标本的路上,戴维发现了一种从没见过的动物皮毛。他在当天的日记中写道:“从远处归来的途中,一位姓李的人邀请我们去他家做客。他是这个山沟中主要的土地所有者。在这个异教徒的家里,我看到了一张从来没见过的黑白兽皮,个体相当大,是一种非常奇特的动物。”猎人告诉他,用不了多久,他们也会找到这种动物,戴维大喜过望。就像是命运在冥冥之中的指引,这个法国人本能地意识到,这可能是一个重大的发现—因为他在日记中提到这种动物的时候,用了这样一个词“著名。”这个词的法文可以解释为“第一流的”,或是“重要的”。
戴维焦急地等待着那些猎人带回来他所热切期待的奇迹。由于这种动物闻所未闻,他只好给它临时起了个名字叫“白熊”。那些猎人外出了12天以后,回来的时候带给戴维一只幼体“白熊”,本来这只“白熊”是活着的,但猎人们为了便于携带,就把它弄死了。然而不管是死是活,作为一个博物学家能得到这样珍贵的标本,戴维还是感到了极大的快乐和满足。
这只“白熊”的毛皮和戴维在李庄主家看到的那只动物的皮毛完全相同,除了四肢、耳朵和眼圈是黑色以外,其余部分都呈白色。这个动物的头很大,吻短圆,不像熊嘴那么尖长。因此戴维断定,这是熊类中的一个新种,它之所以奇特,不仅在其毛色,而且还在它的掌下有许多毛。
又过了一个星期,戴维见到了猎人们带来的第二只同样的动物,与第一只相比,它们的毛色相同,只是黑色不那么纯,白色部分也比较脏污。戴维确信,这个熊类的新种,惟独中国才有。
5月4日,戴维终于捉到了一只活体的“黑白熊”,他亲自指挥工人在天主教堂内为“黑白熊”做了个大木笼,将“黑白熊”饲养起来,观察、记录它的生活习性。根据“黑白熊”的体毛,脚底有毛等特征,戴维断定认定它是熊的一个新种,满心希望将它带回法国。可惜的是,“黑白熊”离开了自然界,健康受到影响,在启程运往法国时突然身亡,戴维只好将它制成标本,并写下多篇“黑白熊”研究资料。
在给这个奇怪的动物命名时,戴维遇到了困难,最后,他决定将它暂且称之为“黑白熊”,他迫不及待地写信将这个重大发现告诉了巴黎的朋友们,特别是巴黎自然历史博物馆的米勒?爱德华兹。他在信中说,正准备把一批标本送回法国,需要很长的时间才能到达,戴维要求立即发表他对黑白熊的描述报告。戴维的描述报告寄到巴黎后,很快发表在当年巴黎自然历史博物馆的新闻公报上。
戴维的黑白熊标本运抵巴黎时,正值普法战争,普鲁士军队已经逼近巴黎,但好奇的法国人还是为熊猫掀起了一阵热潮。人们从兽皮上看到一张圆圆的脸,眼睛周围是圆圆的黑斑,就像戴着时髦的墨镜,而且居然还有精妙的黑耳朵,黑鼻子,黑嘴唇,这简直就是戏剧舞台上化妆的效果,太不可思议了!于是有人断言,这张来自中国的皮毛绝对不真实,一定是伪造的。爱德华兹仔细研究了这种动物的皮和骨胳以后,否定了有关伪造的说法,确信这是一个新的物种。
经过分析,爱德华兹纠正了戴维在物种判定上的错误,认为它不是熊,而与19世纪早期在中国西藏发现的小熊猫食性相近,但其嘴圆,有着猫的特点,最后确定了它的分类科目、种属关系,将这种动物最后命名为“大猫熊”(Panda),命名人仍然是戴维。
Really funny pun jokes
SOMETHING ABOUT PANDA
A panda walks into a restaurant, sits down and orders a sandwich. He eats the sandwich, pulls out a gun and? shoots the waiter dead. As the panda stands up to go, the manager shouts, "Hey! Where are you going? You just shot my waiter and you didn't pay for your sandwich!"
The panda yells back at the manager, "Hey man, I'm a PANDA! Look it up!" The manager opens his dictionary and sees the following definition for panda:
"A tree dwelling marsupial of Asian origin, characterized by distinct black and white coloring. Eats?shoots and leaves."
真遗憾,上边只找到了一个关于熊猫的笑话.
下边也是零星的资料:
According to the reports in the Chinese Weekly Newspaper of Spain, Madrid Zoo - home of 2 giant pandas - has become a hotspot, raising the interests of businessmen to create advertisements about pandas.
Recently, an internet advertisement with a giant panda theme located at the exits of some major metro stations of Madrid has drawn quite a lot of attention. On this advertisement, a young man is talking with a cute giant panda joyfully. People walking by cannot help to look at it and it also makes the Chinese people who pass by think of their home.
How do giant pandas give birth? What methods do researchers use to help giant pandas breed? In conjunction with the national golden week, the newly built “Exploratory Hall of Panda Science” held its soft opening on October 1, allowing visitors to explore the mysteries of the giant panda and the research conducted at the Giant Panda Base.
The“Exploratory Hall of Panda Science” is one of the newly built satellite halls of the “Giant Panda Museum”. It is located on the first floor of the new Scientific Center Building with 1000 square meters.
When compared with other domestic museums aimed at increasing public knowledge about science and the environment, the “Exploratory Hall of Panda Science” stands out. This hall has six themes: Overview of the Panda Research Base, the Mysterious Giant Panda, Love and Marriage, Genetic Exploration of Panda, Cradle of Life, and the Panda and Its Companions. In addition, it showcases the research and achievements of the reproduction laboratory, genetic laboratory, nutrition laboratory, and endocrine laboratory. Among them,the “Natural Mating and Artificial Insemination”, “Giant Panda Cubs”, “DNA”, and “Hormone Determination of Giant Panda”exhibition areas enable visitors to have a better understanding of these amazing creatures.
To showcase all of this material, the “ Exploratory Hall of Panda Science ” uses a combination of traditional museum displays and modern technology. Pictures, real exhibition objects along with descriptions are side by side with multi-media touch screens and the latest in museum sciences. There are also 4 e mini movie theatres continuously playing short scientific films on giant panda breeding research, pregnancy, cubbing, genetic resources, and endangered animals.
And a lot of interactive items are prepared for a goal of “learning while playing” in consideration of curiosity of visitors.
For example, the interactive game “Searching for Love”, allows visitors to choose a mate for a male or female panda and see what happens – either a happy pairing resulting in healthy cubs or a less suitable match. This game demonstrates the importance of genetic diversity and proper genetic pairing between pandas. Another game, “Imitating sounds of Giant Panda”, allows visitors to listen to the vocalizations made by cubs and then imitate them,comparing the sounds made by the visitor and the cub.
At the end of their visit, visitors can send E-Cards via two touch screens connected to the Internet in an exhibition area named “Global Contact” so that they can send their hellos from the Giant Panda Base all over the world.
The“Exploratory Hall of Panda Science” is the result of a collaborative effort between experts from Zoo Atlanta, Main Street Design, Portico Group, and the expert group of the Chengdu Giant Panda Breeding Research Base. After two years of painstaking planning and symposiums, the common ground of design has been reached. And it is implemented by American Main Street Design finally. .
The“Exploratory Hall of Panda Science” welcomse you!